NE1. Capt. James Cook (1728-1779)
Voyages of Captain Cook 1768-1771, 1772-75, 1776-79
Most admired Captain who was the first to utilize the knowledge of Longitiude by using the Harrison clock, discovered the East Coast of
Australia resulting in the First Fleet of 1788,sailed to Antartica, New Zealand and the Pacific- “Further Than Any Man”
Published by Charles Knight, London, C.1847
Condition = Excellent
Price = AUD$235 (as a set of Four antique stipple engravings A$200 ea)
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NE2. Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet,PRS (1743– 1820)
Original stipple engraving after William Holl after Thomas Phillips (1770-1845), Royal Academy, painted in 1812 depicting Banks
as the President of the Royal Academy, wearing the insignia of the Bath was a British naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences.
He took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage in HM Bark Endeavour (1768–1771). Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus,
acacia, mimosa, and the genus named after him, Banksia. Approximately 80 species of plants bear Banks's name.
Published by Fisher, Sons & Co, London, C.1847
Condition = Excellent
Price = AUD$235 (as a set of Four antique stipple engravings A$200 ea)
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NE3. Jean-François de Galaup de La Perouse(1741-1788?)
Original stipple engraving by Thomas Woolnoth (1785-1836) from a miniature in the possesson of La perouse's niece at Alby .
La Pérouse was the name of a family property that he added to his name. After the Treaty of Paris, La Pérouse was appointed in 1785 by Louis XVI
to lead an expedition around the world. Its aims were to complete the Pacific discoveries of James Cook (whom La Pérouse greatly admired),
correct and complete maps of the area, establish trade contacts, open new maritime routes and enrich French science and scientific collections.
His ships were the Astrolabe and Boussole. They were to explore both the north
and south Pacific, including the coasts of the Far East and of Australia, and send back reports through existing European outposts in the area.
A 16 year old Corsican, Napoleon Bonaparte, applied to go on La Perouse’s Pacific Voyage but when they sailed in August 1785 he was not in the crew.
The French explorers arrived off Botany Bay on 24 January 1788, just as Captain Arthur Phillip was attempting to move
the colony from there to Sydney Cove in Port Jackson. The First Fleet was unable to leave until 26 January because of a tremendous gale,
which also prevented La Pérouse's ships from entering Botany Bay. The British received him courteously, and each captain, through their officers,
offered the other any assistance and supplies he may need. He and Phillip did not meet personally.
Although he wrote that he expected to be back in France by June 1789, neither he nor any of his men were seen again.
Fortunately, before he set sail, La Pérouse had sent the valuable written details of his expedition to Paris where they were published posthumously.
On 25 September 1791 Rear Admiral Bruni d'Entrecasteaux departed Brest in search of La Pérouse.
In May 1793, he arrived at the island of Vanikoro, which is part of the Santa Cruz group of islands.
D'Entrecasteaux thought he saw smoke signals from several elevated areas on the island, but was unable to investigate due to the dangerous reefs
surrounding the island and had to leave. He died two months later. The botanist, Jacques Labillardière, attached to the expedition,
eventually returned to France and published his account, Relation du Voyage à la Recherche de la Pérouse, in 1800.
It was not until 1826 that an Irish captain, Peter Dillon, found enough evidence to piece together the events of the tragedy.
Published by Fisher, Sons & Co, London, C.1840
Condition = Excellent
Price = AUD$235 (as a set of Four antique stipple engravings A$200 ea)
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NE4. Sir John Franklin (1786-1847)
Original stipple engraving by Paton Thomson after Derby prior to his ill-fated Voyage to find the North West Passage in 1845.
Sir John Franklin FRGS (16 April 1786 – 11 June 1847) was a British Royal Navy Arctic explorer who mapped almost two thirds of the northern coastline of
North America. Franklin also served as governor of Tasmania for several years. In his last expedition, he disappeared while attempting to chart and
navigate a section of the Northwest Passage in the Canadian Arctic.
The entire crew perished from starvation, hypothermia, tuberculosis, scurvy, exposure, but also arguably from the lead and food poisoning before
and after Franklin died and the expedition's icebound ships were abandoned in desperation. The Admiralty chose this voyage to trial the use of a
new technology for preserving food-tin cans. The food was prepared for the voyage during winter when fresh availability is limited at best.
The Franklin Expedition to find the North West Passage set out in My 1845 with three years' worth of conventionally preserved or tinned preserved
food supplies. Unfortunately, the latter was supplied from a cut-rate provider who was awarded the contract only a few months before the ships were
to sail. Though his "patent process" was sound, the haste with which he had prepared thousands of cans of food led to sloppily-applied beads of solder
on the cans' interior edges and allowed lead to leach into the food. Chosen by the Admiralty, most of the crew were Englishmen, many from the Northern
England with a small number of Irishmen and Scotsmen.
Published by Fisher, Sons & Co, London, 1830
Condition = Excellent
Price = AUD$245
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Size of image = 36.5cm x 48.5cm / Size of Frame presentation 18cm x 25cm
Original wood engraving published H.B.Hall's Sons after W Macleod, c.1886
with printed signature.
Price= AUD$145
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Code: NE5Captain James Cook
James Cook, in his youth he had been apprenticed as a haberdasher at which he was found lacking. His master took him to a ship-builder friend
in nearby Whitby to see if that trade suited him better...he excelled! first came to the attention of the British Admiralty during the conflicts
with France for the possession of Canada.
His highly detailed charts of Canadian rivers and coastlines helped the British Fleet to launch successful Attacks on several French Strongholds
and ultimately win the war there. Later, he was selected to command several long expeditions to search
for the rumoured “Southern Continent”, which scientists in those days believed must exist in order to “Balance the Earth”. Along the way,
he added a large number of new places to the World Map, including the Islands of Hawaii, which he was the first European to discover.
The 'Earl Of Pembroke' sailed out of Whitby Harbour On April 3, 1768. The Ship was an ungainly-looking North Sea coal carrier.
It was put into dry dock in a choice slip at the English Naval shipyard of Deptford, on the Thames River near London. Stout and heavy-timbered,
with a bluff bow and a narrow stern, the new arrival appeared distinctly out of place amid the rows of sleek frigates and towering ships of the
line being repaired and refitted for duty. A few Deptford officers brusquely questioned whether the bark-rigged vessel was even mustered in the Royal Navy.
For what conceivable purpose could the Admiralty require the services of a grimy workboat?
In fact, the humble collier was intended for a singularly adventurous role. She would carry a hand-picked group of naval officers
and scientists to the farthest reaches of the Pacific to conduct vital astronomical studies and to make yet another search for the continent
identified on the maps as Terra Australis Incognita. A collier had been selected because it could hold the large quantities of supplies and
scientific equipment the voyagers would require, and also because it was flat-bottomed and was able to take the punishment of an accidental grounding.
On April 5 the Admiralty renamed the vessel Endeavour and ordered the Deptford carpenters to prepare her for the journey with the greatest dispatch.
Within four weeks her hull had been sheathed with a second layer of planking to protect against tropical sea worms. Her masts and yards were scrapped
for fresh-cut spars, and all her rigging was replaced with new hempen lines. On May 18 the ship was refloated and moored in the great Deptford Basin,
alongside the mighty warships of the British Empire, to await the arrival of her commander.
To some Londoners the selection of Lieutenant James Cook as leader of the expedition to the Pacific was even more surprising than the
Admiralty's choice of the Endeavour. At the age of 39, Cook was virtually unknown to his countrymen.
In marked contrast to Commodore John Byron and Captain Samuel Wallis, the aristocratic leaders of England's earlier voyages of Pacific exploration,
Cook sprang from the lower ranks of society, was haphazardly educated and had not even spent his whole career in the Royal Navy:
his training had been in the merchant marine. But, like the Endeavour, James Cook possessed exactly those qualities deemed crucial
by the Admiralty for the success of the job at hand. For four years, beginning in 1763, Cook had sailed the rugged coast of
Newfoundland, charting its bays and inlets with painstaking precision. More than once he had earned praise from the highest
levels of the Navy for his surveying work and superb seamanship, and the Lords of the Admiralty reasoned that the talents that
had been so valuable in the Newfoundland enterprise would be equally useful in the uncharted waters of the South Pacific. As it turned out,
Cook would become the greatest explorer of his time - and the greatest Pacific explorer of all time.
As captain of the Endeavour, he would sight and survey hundreds of landfalls that no Westerner had ever laid eyes on.
And though the Endeavour would never fire her guns at another ship in battle, Cook's epochal voyage aboard the converted collier
was destined to bring under George III's sovereignty more land and wealth than any single naval victory of the powerful British fleet.
But the most important prize of this and the two subsequent voyages that Cook would make was measured not in territory but in knowledge.
Patient and methodical where his predecessors had been hasty and disorganized, he would sweep away myths and illusions on a prodigious scale,
and in the end would give to the world a long-sought treasure: a comprehensive map of the Pacific.
His remarkable three voyages of exploration came to an abrupt end when, due to an unfortunate misunderstanding with his former Hosts,
he was killed trying to prevent his men from firing at an angry crowd of Hawaiians. Later on, when tempers cooled, his remains were returned
to his crew and he was buried at sea. A Naval Warship from Great Britain stops by each year to take care of his memorial,
a small white obelisk, stands near Kona on the 'Big Island' of Hawaii. Cook didn't find the fabled “Great Southland”, but he discovered
was the East coastline of a country that had already been extensively mapped by the Dutch hence the name NEW HOLLAND.
A piece of his original ship The Endeavour, a converted coal-carrier, was taken into orbit aboard the Space-Shuttle of the same name.
Excerpt taken from the excellent study on Cook by Oliver E. Allen in TIME-LIFE books The Pacific Navigators © 1980
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